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187
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"Duranti, Alessandro"
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The Handbook of Language Socialization
Documenting how in the course of acquiring language children become speakers and members of communities, The Handbook of Language Socialization is a unique reference work for an emerging and fast-moving field. * Spans the fields of anthropology, education, applied linguistics, and human development * Includes the latest developments in second and heritage language socialization, and literary and media socialization * Discusses socialization across the entire life span and across institutional settings, including families, schools, work places, and churches * Explores data from a multitude of cultures from around the world
eBook
Linguistic Anthropology
In this textbook, first published in 1997, Alessandro Duranti introduces linguistic anthropology as an interdisciplinary field which studies language as a cultural resource and speaking as a cultural practice. The theories and methods of linguistic anthropology are introduced through a discussion of linguistic diversity, grammar in use, the role of speaking in social interaction, the organisation and meaning of conversational structures, and the notion of participation as a unit of analysis. An entire chapter is devoted to the notion of culture, and there are invaluable methodological chapters on ethnography and transcription. Original in its treatment and yet eminently clear and readable, Linguistic Anthropology will appeal to both upper-level undergraduate and graduate students.
eBook
الأنثروبولوجيا الألسنية
في هذا الكتاب المبدع، يعرف ألسندرو دورانتي بالأنثروبولوجيا الألسنية كحقل معرفة متشعب، يهتم بدراسة اللغة كمصدر ثقافي والكلام كممارسة ثقافية. يعرف المؤلف بنظريات ومناهج الأنثروبولوجيا الألسنية في حديثه عن التنوع اللغوي، والنحو في الاستعمال، ودور الكلام في التفاعل الاجتماعي، وتنظيم التركيبات التحادثية ومعانيها، وفكرة المشاركة كوحدة تحليلية. وهو يكرس فصلا كاملا لمفهوم الثقافة. كما نجد فصولا قيمة عن مناهج الأثنوغرافيا والنسخ. وسيجد الطلاب المبتدئون وطلاب الدراسات العليا كتاب الأنثروبولوجيا الألسنية مميزا ومبدعا، وفي الوقت نفسه شديد الوضوح وسهل القراءة.
Book
Universal and Culture-Specific Properties of Greetings
The literature on greetings includes several commonly made claims that require an agreed-upon definition of what constitutes a greeting exchange. I propose six criteria for identifying greetings across languages and speech communities. Applying these criteria to a speech community in Western Samoa, I identify four types of greeting exchanges there. These exchanges show, contra claims in the greetings literature, that not all greetings are devoid of propositional content and that they need not be \"expressive\" acts of the type proposed by speech act theory. In greetings, Samoans accomplish various social acts, including searching for new information and sanctioning social behavior.
Journal Article
The Relevance of Husserl's Theory to Language Socialization
This article suggests that the theory of language socialization could benefit from adopting some key concepts originally introduced by the philosopher Edmund Husserl in the first part of the twentieth century. In particular, it focuses on Husserl's notion of \"(phenomenological) modification,\" to be understood as a change in \"the natural attitude\" that humans have toward the phenomenal world, their own actions included. After providing examples of different kinds of modifications in interpreting language and listening to music, Husserl's notion of \"theoretical attitude\" (a modification of \"the natural attitude\") is introduced and shown to be common in adult conversations as well as in interactions between adults and young children. A reanalysis of an exchange previously examined by Platt (1986) between a Samoan mother and her son is provided to show the benefits of an integration of phenomenological and interactional perspectives on adult-child discourse. Finally, it is suggested that the failure sometimes experienced by children and adults to adopt new ways of being may be due to the accumulated effects of modifications experienced earlier in life which make it difficult if not impossible to retrieve earlier, premodificational ways of being.
Journal Article
A Companion to Linguistic Anthropology
A Companion to Linguistic Anthropologyprovides a series of in-depth explorations of key concepts and approaches by some of the scholars whose work constitutes the theoretical and methodological foundations of the contemporary study of language as culture. Provides a definitive overview of the field of linguistic anthropology, comprised of original contributions by leading scholars in the fieldSummarizes past and contemporary research across the field and is intended to spur students and scholars to pursue new paths in the coming decadesIncludes a comprehensive bibliography of over 2000 entries designed as a resource for anyone seeking a guide to the literature of linguistic anthropology
eBook
In and out of intersubjective attunement
Some of the strongest validation of my contributions seems to be for the empirical validity of contextualized recordings of spontaneous interactions (in Samoa and in the United States), my cross-linguistic semantic and pragmatic analysis of what English expresses by words like “intention” and “intending,” and the historical reconstruction of how the notion of “promise” was introduced into Samoan discourse in the nineteenth century. [...]the “pure grammar” part of Husserl’s program was never fully realized and eventually his name disappeared from the reading lists of logic and linguistics courses in the United States, despite the fact that both Carnap and Jakobson, after migrating there, played a major role in the shaping of philosophy, linguistics, and linguistic anthropology in US universities. After a clear and detailed review of my main points and some of my examples, they agree with my claim that there is context-specific cross-cultural variation in the “salience of intention,” but they maintain that this variation applies only to a meta-discourse of intentions—that is, to what speakers in different contexts and communities are able to say about what a given act meant—and not to the intentions or goals that are necessary to interpret social actors’ inferential processes and that support “the architecture of intersubjectivity in interaction.” [...]book:
Journal Article
Action and its parts
The concept of action (hereafter “CoA”) by Nick Enfield and Jack Sidnell is a welcome discussion of two key theoretical and methodological issues in the study of language-mediated interaction, namely, (a) whether or not speakers need access to an inventory of types of acts in order to produce or respond to a meaningful act (in the form of an utterance or gesture or combination of the two), and (b) the impact of language-specific grammatical or lexical forms (e.g., words, pronouns, particles, tense-aspect markers) on how speakers understand or carry out a particular type of action (e.g., agreeing, requesting, claiming previous knowledge). [...]the nature of indexes (e.g., address forms, pointing gestures, regional accents) is such that they “may be transposed from the current context into other ones, recalled, imagined or merely projected” (Hanks 2001: 121, emphasis added). There has also been criticism for the exclusive focus on “interaction” or “talk-in-interaction” (Schegloff 1988)—as opposed to “society,” “language,” “mind,” “power,” “inequality,” and other concepts traditionally studied by social or cognitive scientists—as well as for the rejection by most conversation analysts of findings based on traditional methods like participant-observation, elicitation, interviews, or sampling techniques. According to this approach, participants do not need to know or decide the type of act of a particular utterance because its interpretation is distributed across semiotic and material resources such that no one participant or “agent” is in full control.
Journal Article